Where was Xylitol discovered?

Xylitol was almost simultaneously discovered by Emil Fischer, a German chemist, in 1891, and by French chemist M. G. Bertrand. It was first really used in Finland during World War II, as a severe sugar shortage left them looking for a substitute. Following this, Xylitol became a popular naturally-derived sugar substitute in Germany, Switzerland, the Soviet Union and Japan.  In 1963, the FDA in the USA approved Xylitol for use as a special dietary and nutritional additive, and it is now used in over 40 countries as a safe, healthy alternative to sugar and artificial sweeteners.